JPP (Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang)

Bahaya Risiko Kecelakaan Kerja Terkena Tumpahan Cairan Kimia di Laboratorium Klinik Perguruan Tinggi di Kota Semarang

Syarifah Janatu Salwa, Anjani Dwi Ayu Lestari — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:17:53 +0000

The laboratory is one of the educational infrastructures, which can be used as a place for students to practice understanding concepts by conducting experiments and observations. The use of chemicals in clinical laboratories requires special attention to worker safety, therefore, strict Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are needed to protect officers from potential exposure to the chemical liquids used, this SOP includes procedures for using personal protective equipment (PPE) properly and correctly, arranging storage of hazardous chemicals in safe places and others. The purpose of the research conducted at the Clinical Laboratory of the Muhammadiyah University of Semarang was to identify hazards and evaluate occupational safety risks while in the laboratory. The research method we conducted at the Muhammadiyah University of Semarang is qualitative. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of interviews with informants, the main treatment carried out when exposed to chemical liquids is to wash the affected area with running water for 15 minutes. The SOP carried out at the Muhammadiyah University is in accordance with existing laboratory standards. The laboratory arrangement has also complied with existing standards in the laboratory.

Pengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Peran Teman Sebaya terhadap Perilaku Seksual Berisiko Remaja di SMPN “X” Jakarta

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:18:30 +0000

yang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan fisik, psikologis, dan sosial. Sebanyak 3,6% remaja laki-laki dan 0,9% remaja perempuan usia 15–19 tahun di Indonesia pernah melakukan hubungan seksual pranikah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual berisiko yaitu faktor internal seperti tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dan faktor eksternal seperti peran teman sebaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dan peran teman sebaya terhadap perilaku seksual berisiko pada remaja di SMPN “X” Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan data primer. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh remaja SMPN “X” Jakarta dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 141 responden. Analisis univariat menunjukkan 9,2% remaja terlibat perilaku seksual berisiko. Sebagian besar memiliki pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi baik (57,4%), peran teman sebaya positif (56,7%), peran orang tua kurang baik (50,4%), guru berperan (54,6%), dan tidak terpapar media (73,8%). Penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi (p = 0,003; OR = 8,867), peran teman sebaya (p = 0,023; OR = 5,033), jenis kelamin, dan keterpaparan media dengan perilaku seksual berisiko pada remaja. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi merupakan faktor paling dominan yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual berisiko setelah dikendalikan oleh variabel perancu (p = 0,026; OR = 7,074).

Efek Antiproliferatif Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Mahoni pada Sel Hela

Diah Komala Sari, Nur Arifah, Gusti Ayu Widayanti — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:18:55 +0000

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women, particularly in developing countries. The development of anticancer agents from natural sources such as mahogany leaves (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) continues to attract research interest due to their promising potential. This study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of ethanol extract and bioactive fractions of mahogany leaves on cervical cancer (HeLa) cells in vitro.

Methods: This research employed an experimental quantitative approach. Mahogany leaves were extracted using ethanol and further fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol-water. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay and an ELISA reader at a wavelength of 550 nm. Antiproliferative activity was determined by measuring cell doubling time after treatment using ½ IC₅₀ concentration of the active fraction. The phytochemical constituents in the active fraction were identified through thin-layer chromatography (TLC).

Results: The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant antiproliferative activity with a doubling time of 59 hours, compared to 34 hours in the control group and 81 hours with cisplatin. Absorbance values at 72 hours were also lower than the control, indicating suppressed cell proliferation. Phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids, saponins, and limonoids as major bioactive candidates.

Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of mahogany leaf extract demonstrates antiproliferative activity against HeLa cells and shows potential for development as a natural anticancer agent.

Imunomodulator Zinc (Zn) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Parasitemia Pada Mencit BALB/C Yang diinfeksi Plasmodium Berghei ANKA

Ni Nyoman Ariwidiani, Rosnalia Nyoman Widyan, Wulan Ratia Ratulangi — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:19:16 +0000

Background: Malaria infection is a disease with significant mortality, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. The rupture of infected red blood cells will stimulate the role of the immune system, CD4+ T cells will release IFN-γ cytokines that play a role in stimulating the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes, which play a role in controlling parasitemia. Zinc is known to be involved in T cell signaling that can increase the expression of IFN-γ cytokines that play a role in parasite elimination.

Methods: 20 minutes after being infected with P. berghei ANKA, were divided into 4 groups. Group 1-2 were given zinc as therapy with a concentration of 10mg/ml with a dose of 50mg/kgBW and 100mg/kgBW. Group 3 was a negative control (NC) given 0.5% sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose (CMCNa). Group 4 was a positive control treated with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) with a concentration of 187.2 mg/kgBW. Therapy was given for 4 days of observation, and parasitemia was observed every day after 24 hours of the first administration until the 4th day after administration.

Results: Significant results were obtained in the parasitemia inhibition analysis after zinc administration on day 3 (p = 0.027) and day 4 (p = 0.001). Based on the results of the analysis, it was shown that zinc has anti-malarial activity that can inhibit the growth of parasitemia in test mice.

Conclusion: Zinc as an antimalarial showed effectiveness in reducing parasitemia in BALB/c mice infected with P. berghei ANKA.

Hubungan Paparan Media Sosial dan Konsumsi Fast Food terhadap Status Gizi pada Remaja Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Kota Yogyakarta

Evy Yuly Astuti, Rosmauli Jerimia Fitriani — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:20:03 +0000

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Masa remaja merupakan fase transisi dari anak-anak menuju dewasa yang ditandai dengan perubahan fisik, psikologis, dan sosial, serta peningkatan kebutuhan zat gizi akibat percepatan pertumbuhan. Pada masa ini, remaja rentan mengalami masalah gizi yang dipengaruhi oleh gaya hidup dan pola makan yang tidak sehat, seperti konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak, gula, dan energi, rendah serat, kurang buah dan sayur, serta kebiasaan melewatkan sarapan. Salah satu pola konsumsi yang banyak ditemukan pada remaja saat ini adalah konsumsi fast food. Konsumsi fast food secara berlebihan dapat menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan energi dan penumpukan lemak tubuh. Selain itu, media sosial juga berperan dalam membentuk perilaku makan remaja melalui paparan iklan makanan dan tren makanan populer yang mendorong peningkatan konsumsi fast food

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional atau potong lintang. Sebanyak 228 responden dipilih melalui teknik total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi kuesioner paparan media sosial, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) untuk konsumsi fast food, serta timbangan digital dan stadiometer untuk mengukur status gizi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antarvariabel.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara paparan media sosial dan status gizi (p=0,436) . Selain itu, konsumsi fast food juga tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan status gizi, (p= 1,000)

Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat paparan media sosial serta frekuensi konsumsi fast food tidak memberikan dampak yang berarti terhadap status gizi.

Perbandingan PEG, α-CD, dan SLS dalam Preparasi Serum Lipemik pada Pemeriksaan AST

Siti Nurhaliza, Ani Riyani, Dewi Nurhayati, Dewi Nurhayati, Nani Kurnaeni — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:20:31 +0000

Background: Lipemic serum can interfere with AST testing, resulting in falsely elevated values. The addition of alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) can bind to fats in lipemic serum, thereby clarifying the serum. This study aims to compare the activity of AST enzyme in pooled serum with pooled lipemic serum after adding PEG 1.5%, α-CD 1.5%, and SLS 5%, as well as the differences in AST enzyme activity between pooled lipemic serum supplemented with PEG 1.5%, α-CD 1.5%, and SLS 5%. Method: Experimental, by preparing lipemic serum using egg yolk to achieve a triglyceride level of 1500.8 mg/dL, then treated with PEG 1.5%, α-CD 1.5%, and SLS 5%, incubated for 30 minutes at 4°C, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the AST enzyme activity was measured using the Kinetic-IFCC method and compared with pooled serum. Results: The ANOVA test results showed a significant difference in AST enzyme activity between pooled serum samples and untreated lipemic serum. However, when lipemic serum was treated with PEG 1.5%, α-CD 1.5%, and SLS 5%, no significant difference was observed compared to pooled serum. Additionally, there was no significant difference in AST enzyme activity between lipemic serum supplemented with PEG 1.5%, α-CD 1.5%, and SLS 5%. Conclusion: These three flocculants can be used to treat lipemic serum to obtain more accurate AST activity test results.

Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Cempedak (Artocarpus champeden) Pada Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total Tikus Wistar (Rattus novergicus L) Obesitas Yang Diinduksi Diet Aterogenik Modifikasi

Paramita Viantry, Djangan Sargowo, Muhtar Khudori, Fida Rasidah — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:21:35 +0000

Background: Total cholesterol is an abnormality of blood lipoproteins that can lead to hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Cempedak leaf extract (Artocarpus champeden) contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects.

Methods: Experimental research, pre-post test control group design. The research sample was 25 male white rats of the Wistar strain, 2 months old and with an average body weight of 110 grams. Then divided into 5 groups, namely a positive control modified atherogenic diet, a negative control base, treatment 1 modified atherogenic diet + Cempedak Leaf Extract 120mg/KgBW, treatment 2 modified atherogenic diet + Cempedak Leaf Extract 360mg/KgBW, and treatment 3 modified atherogenic diet + Cempedak Leaf Extract 480mg/KgBW for 14 days.

Results: Based on the statistical data analysis of the Paired Sample T-Test, the results were obtained at P1 (p=0.006), P2 (p=0.000), and P3 (p=0.000) where p<0.05 indicated that there was a significant effect (decrease) in total cholesterol levels before and after being given Cempedak Leaf Extract (Artocarpus champeden).

Conclusion: Administration of Cempedak Leaf Extract (Artocarpus champeden) has an effect on reducing total cholesterol levels in obese male white Wistar rats induced by an atherogenic diet.

Hubungan Lama Pengobatan Pasien TB Paru terhadap Rasio Monosit dan Limfosit (MLR) di Puskesmas

Sohibatul Islamiah, Ershandi Resnhaleksmana, Maruni Wiwiin Diarti, Urip Urip — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:22:14 +0000

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs. TB treatment consists of two phases: intensive (initial) and continuation, which are carried out for a minimum of 6 months. One immunological indicator that can be used to monitor the response to TB therapy is the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR).

Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with accidental sampling. The sample size was 30 pulmonary TB patients. Data were analyzed using the Spearman's Rho test.

Results: Pulmonary TB patients were predominantly female (70%) and aged <46 years (83.3%). In the initial phase of treatment (months 1–2), the average monocyte count was 0.4, lymphocyte count 2.2, and MLR 0.20. In the continuation phase (months 3–6), the average monocyte count was 0.4, lymphocyte count 4.1, and MLR 0.1. Spearman's test results showed a significant relationship between treatment duration and MLR (r = -0.84; p = 0.000), with a negative correlation and very strong correlation.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the duration of pulmonary TB treatment and the MLR ratio, with the longer treatment duration tending to decrease.

Evaluasi Ketersediaan Dan Aksesibilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Bagi Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Diwilayah Kota Palu Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah

Rosamey Elleke Langitan, Ni Made Ridla Nilasanti Parwata — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:22:57 +0000

Tuberkulosis merupakan satu dari sepuluh penyebab utama kematian di dunia. Indonesia berada di urutan ketiga negara dengan penyakit TBC tertinggi setelah India dan China. Pemerintah Indonesia berupaya mengeliminasi TBC pada 2030 dengan target laju insiden 65 per 100.000 penduduk dan angka kematian enam per 100.000 penduduk. Demikian pula halnya tuberkulosis paru diwilayah Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah menduduki urutan pertama tertinggi dengan jumlah kasus 718 pada tahun 2023. Penyakit TB Paru tidak hanya menimbulkan beban kesehatan yang besar, tetapi juga memiliki dampak sosial dan ekonomi yang serius bagi individu dan masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Dalam upaya mengatasi masalah ketersediaan dan aksesibilitas pelayanan kesehatan bagi pasien tuberkulosis paru menjadi faktor kunci yang harus mendapatkan perhatian dari pemerintah dalam hal ini petugas kesehatan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuntitatif dengan wawancara mendalam kepada berbagai pemangku kepentingan terkait, seperti petugas kesehatan, pasien, dan keluarga pasien. Hasil penelitian menyoroti berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi dalam akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan TBC, termasuk kurangnya fasilitas kesehatan yang memadai, jarak geografis yang jauh, serta kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang TBC. Selain itu, ketersediaan obat-obatan dan peralatan diagnostik juga menjadi perhatian utama. Studi ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga untuk perbaikan sistem pelayanan kesehatan TBC di wilayah ini, dengan menekankan perlunya upaya kolaboratif antara pemerintah, lembaga kesehatan, dan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan dan aksesibilitas layanan kesehatan bagi pasien. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat: Memberikan gambaran nyata tentang ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan dan aksesibilitas layanan TB di Kota Palu.

Kata kunci: Ketersediaan; Aksesibiltas Yankes: TB Paru

Pengaruh Kadar Gula Darah Terhadap Risiko Terjadinya Infeksi Saluran Kemih Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kediri

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:23:17 +0000

Background : Hyperglycemia creates a urinary environment conducive to bacterial growth, especially when accompanied by decreased immune function and impaired bladder emptying. The presence of glucose in the urine (glucosuria) promotes bacterial proliferation, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Although diabetes mellitus (DM) cases are relatively high at Kediri Public Health Center, research examining the relationship between blood glucose levels and UTI risk remains limited. Therefore, it is important to assess whether elevated blood glucose levels influence the risk of UTIs in DM patients.

Objective: To determine the effect of blood glucose levels on the risk of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients.

Method: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 30 diabetic patients with blood glucose levels >200 mg/dL were selected as respondents. Their urine samples, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were examined using purposive sampling technique. Urine analysis was conducted using the urine sediment method to detect the presence of bacteria as an indicator of urinary tract infection (UTI). The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.

Result: Out of 30 respondents, 23 respondents tested positive for urinary tract infection (UTI) based on bacterial findings in the urine sediment. The Chi-Square test results showed a p-value of 0.002 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant relationship between blood glucose levels and the incidence of UTI.

Conclusion: Blood glucose levels have an effect on the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in diabetic patients.

Formulasi Dan Uji Stabilitas Sediaan Deodorant Stick Dari Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia)

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:23:55 +0000

Background: Body odor is a problem that is often complained of by almost everyone, especially individuals who live in tropical areas. This problem is caused by the activity of commensal skin bacteria that decompose odorless compounds from sweat into volatile components that cause unpleasant odors. This study is an experimental study to make a deodorant stick preparation from lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia) as an anti-odor drug that can inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. This study aims to develop and evaluate a deodorant stick preparation made from lime peel extract (Citrus aurantifolia) with stearic acid and NaOH as hardening agents. Its physical stability was tested by reviewing organoleptic (changes in color, shape and odor), homogeneity, pH test, melting point, adhesion test and irritation test of the preparation.

Methods: This type of research is an experimental study, namely formulating a deodorant stick from lime peel extract (Citrus aurantifolia) with variations of stearic acid and 10% NaOH as a hardening agent and testing its physical stability. Variations in stearic acid concentrations in formula I (5%), formula II (7.5%), and formula III (10%), while for variations in 10% NAOH concentration in formula I (7.2%), formula II (8.5%), and formula III (10%). The deodorant stick that has been made will be tested for its physical stability reviewed from organoleptic (changes in color, shape and odor), homogeneity, pH test, melting point, adhesion test and irritation test of the preparation.

Results: Lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia) extract deodorant stick meets the physical test stability requirements which include organoleptic tests, homogeneity, melting point, adhesion, skin irritation and pH tests for 28 days of storage.

Conclusion: Based on the results of the study of the physical stability of deodorant sticks from lime peel extract with varying concentrations of stearic acid and NaOH as hardening agents which have been tested for physical stability for 28 days of storage at room temperature and 12 days in an accelerated test (cycling test), reviewed from pH, adhesive power, homogeneity, spreadability, melting point, color, odor and skin irritation, it can be concluded that lime peel extract (Citrus aurantifolia) can be formulated into a deodorant stick preparation that is physically stable and meets the requirements.

Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sunscreen Spray Gel Ekstrak Buah Kiwi (Actinidia Deliciosa) sebagai Sun Protection

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:24:20 +0000

Background: As a tropical country, Indonesia experiences high levels of sunlight year-round, increasing the risk of ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. Excessive UV exposure can cause various skin problems such as premature aging (photoaging), sunburn, hyperpigmentation, and even increased risk of skin cancer with long-term exposure. This underscores the importance of protecting the skin from the harmful effects of UV rays. Sunscreen is an effective form of protection against skin damage caused by UV radiation. However, most sunscreens on the market still use synthetic chemicals as UV filters. Several studies have reported that excessive use of chemical-based sunscreens can cause skin irritation, allergic reactions, and even impact the aquatic environment. This highlights the need for alternative natural sunscreens that are safer, more environmentally friendly, and still effective in protecting the skin. Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) is one natural ingredient with potential for development as a sunscreen. Kiwifruit is known to contain vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoids, and polyphenol compounds with antioxidant properties. These compounds can help ward off free radicals, protect skin tissue from UV radiation damage, and maintain skin health. Several studies have also shown that antioxidant-rich fruit extracts can enhance the activity of natural sunscreens.

Methods: This study was an experimental study, formulating a sunscreen spray gel from kiwifruit extract with varying extract concentrations in formula I (10%), formula II (15%), and formula III (20%). This experimental study aimed to develop a sunscreen spray gel containing kiwifruit extract as a natural sunscreen product that has the potential to protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation exposure. This research did not involve direct human testing, but instead focused on the extraction process, formulation, and physical evaluation of the preparation to assess the stability and quality characteristics of the developed product.

Results: Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) extract could be formulated into a stable sunscreen spray gel preparation that met the requirements, with the most optimal extract concentration variation in formula II at 15%. The kiwifruit extract sunscreen spray gel met the stability requirements of physical tests, including homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, organoleptic (color, odor, clarity), and skin irritation tests during 28 days of storage at room temperature and after a cycling test.

Conclusion: The kiwifruit extract was obtained through a maceration method using 70% ethanol as a solvent, chosen because it can extract both heat-stable and heat-stable active compounds. The sunscreen spray gel formula was created by varying the concentration of kiwifruit extract as the active ingredient in natural sunscreen. Product evaluation included various physical tests to ensure product stability, including homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, organoleptic, and skin irritation tests.

Analisis Kadar Asam Urat pada Penderita Hipertensi dan dengan Penyakit Penyerta

Roys Resehan, Urip Urip, Erin Yustin Tatontos — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:24:48 +0000

Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism, and its levels in the blood are influenced by its synthesis and excretion. An increase in uric acid levels in the blood, or hyperuricemia, has long been associated with various pathological conditions, including hypertension. Hypertension itself is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and kidney diseases.

Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Orang Tua dalam Keputusan Imunisasi HPV Anak: Telaah Sistematis dan Meta Analisis

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:25:14 +0000

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan global dengan tingginya angka kejadian dan kematian, terutama di negara berpendapatan rendah dan menengah, sehingga imunisasi HPV menjadi langkah pencegahan yang sangat penting. Namun, cakupan imunisasi HPV di beberapa wilayah seperti Sumatera Barat masih rendah, yang dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua, sehingga perlu dianalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan pemberian imunisasi tersebut Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keterkaitan antara tingkat pengetahuan serta persepsi orang tua dengan keputusan mereka dalam memberikan imunisasi HPV kepada anak perempuan usia sekolah dasar.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan sistematis berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA yang menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua terhadap imunisasi HPV. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada database PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Sage untuk artikel tahun 2020–2025.

Hasil: Faktor pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua merupakan faktor utama dalam keputusan pemberian imunisasi HPV. Meta-analisis membuktikan bahwa orang tua dengan pengetahuan yang baik memiliki peluang lebih besar untuk memberikan vaksin HPV (OR = 6,09).

Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan orang tua merupakan faktor paling konsisten yang memengaruhi penerimaan vaksin HPV, sementara persepsi berperan dalam membentuk keputusan melalui peningkatan akses informasi dan penguatan layanan.

Kata Kunci: HPV vaccination, Parental knowledge, Parental perception, Determinants, Acceptance.

ABSTRACT

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major global health concern, highlighting the importance of HPV immunization. However, coverage in regions like West Sumatra is still low, partly due to parental knowledge and perceptions. Therefore, analyzing these influencing factors is essential. This study aims to analyze the relationship between parental knowledge and perceptions with the decision to provide HPV immunization to elementary school-aged girls.

Methods: This study is a systematic review based on the PRISMA guidelines that analyzes the relationship between parental knowledge and perceptions regarding HPV immunization. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Sage databases for articles published between 2020 and 2025.

Results: Parental knowledge and perceptions are key factors in the decision to administer HPV immunization. Sociodemographic and policy factors play a supporting role through increased access to information, environmental support, and ease of service delivery. A meta-analysis demonstrated that parents with good knowledge are more likely to receive HPV vaccination (OR = 6.09).

Conclusion: Parental knowledge is the most consistent factor influencing HPV vaccine acceptance, while perceptions is contribute to decision-making through increased access to information and strengthened service delivery.

Keywords: HPV vaccination, Parental knowledge, Parental perception, Determinants, Acceptance.

Analisis Gambaran Pasien HIV/AIDS Infeksi Oportunistik Terhadap Nilai CD4

Iis Afriayani, Sri Sulpha Siregar, Herry Hermansyah, Erisa Febriyani — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:25:38 +0000

Latar Belakang: Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV) disebabkan oleh virus HIV yang menyerang CD4 dan juga melemahkan sistem imun tubuh sehingga bisa menyebabkan infeksi oportunistik Penelitian ini yaitu mendiskripsikan analisis gambaran pasien HIV/AIDS infeksi oportunistik terhadap nilai CD4. Metode : Penelitin ini merupakan deskriptif analisis dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 54 orang, teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil : Nilai CD4 ≤ 200 sel/uL sebanyak 36 pasien, nilai CD4 ≥ 200 sel/ul sebanyak 18 pasien, Infeksi oportunistik >1 sebanyak 23 pasien dan infeksi oportunisti 1 sebanyak 31 orang. Kesimpulan : usia dewasa ≥ 18 tahun sebanyak 54 orang (100%) dengan rentang umur 21 – 23 tahun sebanyak 8 orang, 25 – 49 tahun (usia produktif) sebanyak 42 orang dan 4 orangnya mulai dari 50-64 tahun. nilai CD4 pasien HIV/AIDS dengan CD4 ≤ 200 sel/ μl lebih banyak dibandingkan nilai CD4 ≥ 200 sel/μl.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asetat Pada Wanita Usia Subur

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:26:32 +0000

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Indonesia. Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) is an effective, affordable, and simple screening method. However, VIA coverage remains low, including in Toman Baru Village, Babat Toman Subdistrict, where only 17.6% of women of reproductive age (WRA) have undergone VIA screening. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors associated with VIA screening among WRA in Toman Baru Village.

Methods: This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 245 WRA, and a sample of 152 participants was selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with the chi-square test.

Results: Univariate analysis showed that 33.6% of WRA had undergone VIA screening. The majority of respondents were under 40 years old (63,2%), had 1–3 children (87,,5%), had low education (91,4%), were employed (52%), and had low knowledge (69.1%). Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between VIA screening and age (p=0,001), parity (p=0,005), education (p=0,034), occupation (p=0,001), and knowledge (p=0,001).

Conclusion: Individual factors such as younger age, lower parity, higher education level, employment status, and good knowledge were significantly associated with VIA screening uptake.

Edukasi Gizi Media Booklet Tentang “Upaya Pencegahan Stunting” Terhadap Karakteristik Pengetahuan dan Sikap Calon Ibu dan Ibu BADUTA

Wed, 31 Dec 2025 14:26:59 +0000

Stunting merupakan kondisi yang menggambarkan dampak dari defisiensi zat gizi, infeksi, tidak tepatnya stimulasi yang ditandai dengan tinggi badan tidak sesuai dengan usianya. Protein hewani memiliki peran krusial dalam mencegah stunting karena kandungan asam amino esensial. Pengetahuan dan sikap ibu juga menjadi faktor penting dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Edukasi menggunakan media visual seperti booklet diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan mendorong perubahan sikap ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui edukasi gizi media booklet tentang “upaya pencegahan stunting” terhadap karakteristik pengetahuan dan sikap calon ibu dan ibu baduta di Puskesmas Merdeka Palembang.

Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan deskriptif melalui desain one group pre-test and post-test. Sampel 34 responden dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling.

Analisis univariat menunjukkan sebesar 85.3% ibu berada dalam kategori dewasa awal, pendidikan tinggi 79.4%, status tidak bekerja 88.2%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan setelah diberikan penyuluhan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap karakteristik ibu, umur terhadap pengetahuan (32.4% menjadi 2.9%), umur terhadap sikap (2.9% menjadi 0.0%), pendidikan terhadap pengetahuan (32.4% menjadi 2.9%), pendidikan terhadap sikap (2.9% menjadi 0.0%), pekerjaan terhadap pengetahuan (32.4% menjadi 2.9%), pekerjaan terhadap sikap (2.9% menjadi 0.0%).

Edukasi menggunakan media booklet menunjukkan adanya peningkatan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu.

Hubungan Kondisi UKS Sekolah dengan Pelaksanaan Peran Perawat Sekolah

Abd. Gani Baeda, Risqi Wahyu Susanti, Ekawati Wahyu Saputri — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:59:05 +0000

Background: The school as a place where the teaching and learning process takes place must become a “Health Promoting School”, meaning that the school can improve the health status of its school community. School Health Services (UKS) can improve the health status of students and create a healthy environment. This study aims to determine the relationship between the condition of school UKS and the implementation of the role of school nurses in the implementation of health education, health services, and the development of a healthy school environment (Trias UKS) in elementary school students in Kolaka Regency. Methods: Written in 3-5 sentences,

Results: there was no relationship between the condition of the UKS and the role of school nurses with a p value (0.287). This is because even though the condition of the school UKS is in poor condition, school nurses still perform their role well. Obstacles faced by UKS officers include lack of facilities and infrastructure, lack of awareness of students, parents, and teachers about health, and long distances.

Conclusion: This study concludes that although UKS officers perform well, challenges especially related to facilities and health awareness need to be addressed. The development of training and improvement of infrastructure are expected to increase the effectiveness of the role of UKS nurses in providing health services in the school environment

Pengaruh Pola Asuh dan Interaksi Sosial Terhadap Perkembangan Fisik dan Kognitif Anak Stunting

Nirva Rantesigi, Agusrianto Agusrianto, Rosamey Elleke Langitan — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:59:30 +0000

Latar Belakang: Perkembangan kognitif pada anak stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang memerlukan perhatian khusus. Faktor pengasuhan diduga kuat memengaruhi perkembangan tersebut, bahkan dalam kondisi stunting.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pola asuh dan interaksi sosial terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak balita stunting di Desa Buyumpondoli.

Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilaksanakan diPosyandu Desa Buyumpondoli, Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tentena, pada 21-22 Juli 2025. Sebanyak 35 ibu yang memiliki balita stunting dipilih sebagai responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square untuk menentukan hubungan antar variabel.

Hasil: Sebagian besar responden berusia 20-30 tahun (51,4%), berpendidikan SMA (62,9%), dan bekerja di sektor swasta (57,1%). Pola asuh demokratis dominan diterapkan (74,3%). Namun, sebagian besar anak (74,3%) memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang tidak baik, meskipun interaksi sosialnya baik (68,6%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh dan perkembangan kognitif (p-value=0,005), dimana pola asuh yang baik meningkatkan peluang memiliki kognitif yang baik sebesar 2,6 hingga 3 kali. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara interaksi sosial dan perkembangan kognitif (p-value=0,685).

Kesimpulan: Pola asuh merupakan faktor kritis yang berhubungan signifikan dengan perkembangan kognitif anak stunting. Diperlukan intervensi berbasis parenting education untuk memperkuat kualitas pola asuh demokratis, yang dikombinasikan dengan intervensi gizi dan kesehatan yang komprehensif untuk menangani stunting.

Kata Kunci: Stunting, Perkembangan Kognitif, Pola Asuh, Interaksi Sosial, Balita.

Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik, Frekuensi Latihan dan Tingkat Kecukupan Energi dengan Status Gizi pada Atlet Sepak Bola

Ilma Nur Islami, Linda Riski Sefrina, Miliyantri Riski Elvandari — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 16:59:56 +0000

Latar Belakang: Status gizi menentukan kemampuan fisik dan performa atlet; keseimbangan asupan energi, aktivitas fisik, dan frekuensi latihan berperan penting pada atlet muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui frekuensi latihan, aktivitas fisik, dan tingkat kecukupan energi dengan status gizi pada atlet sepak bola usia 11–12 tahun.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional pada 40 atlet sepak bola usia 11–12 tahun di SSB Kancil Mas Karawang yang dipilih dengan simple random sampling. Data kecukupan energi diperoleh melalui recall 1x24 jam, aktivitas fisik melalui kuesioner PAQ-C, frekuensi latihan melalui wawancara, dan status gizi melalui pengukuran berat dan tinggi badan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman rank (p<0,05).

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara tingkat kecukupan energi (p=0,357), aktivitas fisik (p=0,745), maupun frekuensi latihan (p=0,642) dengan status gizi atlet.

Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara frekuensi latihan, aktivitas fisik, dan tingkat kecukupan energi dengan status gizi pada atlet sepak bola.

Hubungan Motivasi Olahraga, Durasi Tidur dan Durasi Latihan dengan Tingkat Kelelahan pada Atlet Taekwondo

Ratu Raudhah Ad Daulah, Linda Riski Sefrina, Miliyantri Riski Elvandari — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 17:00:24 +0000

Latar Belakang: Kelelahan merupakan kondisi yang sering dialami atlet akibat akumulasi stres fisik dan psikologis selama latihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi olahraga, durasi tidur, dan durasi latihan dengan tingkat kelelahan pada atlet Taekwondo.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan 40 responden atlet Taekwondo yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terstandar, dan analisis hubungan antar variabel dilakukan menggunakan uji Spearman Rank.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi olahraga (p = 0,279), durasi tidur (p = 0,833), dan durasi latihan (p = 0,936) dengan tingkat kelelahan. Mayoritas atlet memiliki motivasi olahraga sedang, durasi tidur tidak baik, dan durasi latihan berat, dengan tingkat kelelahan dominan kategori sedang.

Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi olahraga, durasi tidur, dan durasi latihan tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat kelelahan pada atlet Taekwondo Kabupaten Karawang. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat kelelahan dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar ketiga variabel tersebut

Gambaran Faktor Penyebab Klaim Pending Rawat Inap Pasien Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di RSUD Kota Malang

Faidatun Ni'mah, Anggi Ardhiati, Subi Hariyanto — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 17:01:08 +0000

Latar Belakang: Pemerintah bertanggung jawab dalam penyelenggaraan layanan kesehatan bermutu melalui rumah sakit, termasuk dalam pelaksanaan program JKN yang mencakup layanan promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif. Rumah sakit mengajukan klaim ke BPJS Kesehatan melalui sistem INA-CBGs yang memverifikasi klaim berdasarkan prosedur medis, kode, dan administrasi; namun jika terjadi klaim pending yang membutuhkan verifikasi tambahan, hal ini dapat mengganggu arus kas rumah sakit sehingga penting untuk mengidentifikasi penyebabnya agar efisiensi sistem klaim dapat ditingkatkan. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab klaim pending rawat inap pasien JKN di RSUD Kanjuruhan Malang.

Metode: Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan lokasi penelitian terletak di RSUD Kanjuruhan Malang. Populasi yang digunakan yaitu berkas klaim pending rawat inap periode Januari – Juli 2024 sebanyak 913 berkas sedangkan sampel penelitian diambil dengan simple random sampling sebanyak 278 berkas. Variabel penelitian yaitu faktor penyebab klaim pending berdasarkan aspek administrasi, koding, dan medis serta instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar checklist.

Hasil: Penyebab klaim pending rawat inap dari aspek administrasi sebesar 29 berkas (10%), aspek koding sebesar 91 berkas (33%), dan aspek medis sebesar 158 (57%). Penyebab klaim pending pada aspek administrasi disebabkan oleh Potensi readmisi, Hak kelas rawat tidak sesuai, Berkas klaim belum terlampir, Tidak melampirkan laporan operasi dan hasil pemeriksaan penunjang, GL JR tidak dijamin, Ketidaklengkapan pengisian tanggal masuk dan keluar rumah sakit, dan Potensi rujukan self referral. Penyebab klaim pending pada aspek koding disebabkan oleh Kode tidak sesuai dengan kaidah pengkodean klinis dan BA Kesepakatan, Ketidaktepatan pemberian kode ganda, Ketidaktepatan penulisan kode diagnosis dan tindakan, dan Ketidaktepatan penegakan diagnosa utama dan diagnosa sekunder. Penyebab klaim pending pada aspek medis disebabkan oleh Kurangnya penjelasan penunjang penguat dan tata laksana pada diagnosa, Ketidaksesuaian diagnosa dengan kriteria gejala klinis berdasarkan PNPK, Kurangnya informasi hasil baca penunjang, Kurangnya informasi indikasi rawat inap, Kurangnya informasi terkait kejadian baru atau sequele, dan Kurangnya eviden terapi.

Kesimpulan: Faktor dominan dari penyebab klaim pending adalah pada aspek medis, saran untuk rumah sakit yaitu memastikan kelengkapan dokumen, keakuratan kode diagnosis dan prosedur, serta penanganan medis sebelum mengajukan klaim ke BPJS Kesehatan.

Kata kunci : Klaim Pending, Rumah Sakit, JKN.