JKM : Jurnal Keperawatan Merdeka

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Upaya Pencegahan Diabetes Pada Remaja Awal

2026-05-15T09:18:38+00:00

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among early adolescents has shown an increasing global trend, including in Indonesia. This condition is closely associated with unhealthy lifestyle changes and a lack of awareness regarding preventive efforts. A low level of knowledge has been identified as one of the barriers to developing effective preventive behaviors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and diabetes prevention efforts among early adolescents. Methods: A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 376 respondents from three junior high schools in Pekanbaru City, selected through proportional purposive sampling. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Results: The majority of respondents demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge (56.6%) and a moderate level of preventive efforts (50.3%). The chi-square test results indicated a significant relationship between knowledge level and type 2 diabetes prevention efforts (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: These findings suggest a significant association between adolescents' knowledge levels and their efforts to prevent type 2 diabetes.

Intervensi Keperawatan Non Farmakologis Kompres Hangat Pada Klien Dengan Nyeri Akut Gastritis

2026-05-15T09:16:06+00:00

Background: Gastritis is an inflammatory condition of the stomach wall, which is caused by irritation of the stomach mucosa and bacterial infections such as Helicobacteri pylory. Bacteria come from contaminated food and drinks. Gastritis causes pain in the sufferer's stomach. Gastritis pain is different for each individual depending on the pain threshold of the sufferer. This pain arises naturally and is something physical or mental. Non-pharmacological measures taken to reduce gastritis pain are with warm compresses. The aim of research on warm compresses is to reduce pain in gastritis patients. The research Method was a case study and was carried out on April 19-21 2025. The subjects in this study were two patients suffering from gastritis, namely 29 years and 56 years. This warm compress is given for 3 days for approximately 15 minutes. The results of the case study showed a decrease in the level of pain after applying a warm compress with a decrease in the moderate pain scale (5-6) to a mild pain scale (0-2). Conclusion: These results show that giving warm compresses is very effective in reducing pain levels in gastritis patients. Applying warm compresses can be an effective and easy way to treat pain in gastritis patients.

Tekanan Darah Sebagai Indikator Klinis Kecepatan Pemulihan Kesadaran Setelah Anestesi Umum

2026-05-15T12:13:45+00:00

Background: Delayed emergence from anesthesia is an undesirable event in anesthetic practice. One of the contributing factors is the patient’s blood pressure. Abnormal blood pressure can interfere with the elimination of anesthetic agents, potentially prolonging the time to regain consciousness. This study aims to determine the relationship between postoperative blood pressure and emergence time in patients undergoing general anesthesia at RSI Siti Rahmah Padang. Methods: This study was an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected at RSI Siti Rahmah Padang from November 1, 2023 to January 11, 2024 using the Aldrete Score observation sheet. A total of 66 respondents were selected using purposive sampling, Results: The results showed that 27.3% of patients were aged 36–45 years, 59.1% were female, and 56.1% had ASA I status. Additionally, 47% of patients had normal blood pressure, and 59.1% did not experience prolonged emergence time. A significant relationship was found between postoperative blood pressure and emergence time in patients undergoing general anesthesia (p = 0.000). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between postoperative blood pressure and emergence time among patients receiving general anesthesia at RSI Siti Rahmah Padang.

Implementasi Manajemen Hiperglikemi Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dengan Masalah Ketidakstabilan Kadar Glukosa Darah

2026-05-15T09:16:06+00:00

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by blood glucose levels exceeding normal values over a long period. The term blood glucose is often referred to by the public as blood sugar. According to data from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Office, diabetes mellitus has been the most prevalent disease for three consecutive years, from 2020 to 2022. In 2020, there were 172,044 cases of diabetes, which increased to 279,345 cases in 2021. The signs and symptoms that can be found in patients with type 2 DM include polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (often feeling thirsty), polyphagia (frequent eating), and unexplained weight loss. To address this issue, nursing interventions are carried out with the aim of managing the risk of blood glucose instability. After three visits, it is hoped that the patient's blood glucose levels can stabilize through appropriate interventions, namely hyperglycemia management. Methods: In this case study, a case study design with a descriptive method is used. The approach used is the nursing care approach. The case study subjects consist of 2 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The first patient is 67 years old and the second patient is 46 years old, both having the same nursing problems. This case study was conducted in the inpatient room of Ahmad Dahlan Hospital Muhammadiyah Palembang. Data collection techniques were through observation, interviews, and filling out case study instruments over 3 days in the care room. Result: After the implementation for 3 days, both subjects experienced a decrease in glucose levels with criteria showing a reduction through the management of hyperglycemia. Conclusion: This indicates that monitoring blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus is essential in order to know their glucose levels and help them maintain proper control.

Gangguan Sistem Pencernaan: Diare pada Balita Dengan Terapi Pemberian Oralit

2026-05-15T12:03:03+00:00

Background: Diarrhea is a condition of defecating more frequently than usual with a liquid stool texture accompanied by blood and mucus. Common causes of diarrhea come from contaminated food or water. Carried out to implement nursing care for patients with digestive system disorders: Diarrhea with hypovolemia problems. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of comprehensive nursing care for children diagnosed with diarrhea at Bhayangkara Mohamad Hasan Hospital, Palembang. Method: The study used a descriptive method with a case study approach and intervention of oral rehydration salts, subjects in case studies on both patients. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. Results: In the assessment carried out on patient 1 with complaints of the patient saying defecating more than 3 times a day with a nursing diagnosis of hypovolemia, after 3 days of intervention of oral rehydration salts and implementation of SLKI and SIKI the problem was resolved. Conclusion: Oral rehydration salts are very effective for patients with fluid deficiency as a replacement for lost body fluids.

Inovasi Media Edukasi: Kipas Cantik Sebagai Alat Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Pasien Diabetes

2026-05-15T09:16:07+00:00

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires continuous education to enable patients to manage their condition independently. One innovative educational medium that can be used is the “educational beauty fan”, which combines health information in an attractive and easy-to-understand format. This study aims to determine the effect of using the educational beauty fan on improving patients’ knowledge about diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 50 diabetes mellitus patients selected using a purposive sampling technique. The intervention involved providing education using the educational beauty fan in a single 30-minute session. Data were collected using a diabetes knowledge questionnaire administered before and after the educational intervention and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: The results showed a significant increase in patients’ knowledge levels after the educational intervention using the educational beauty fan (p < 0.05). Before the intervention, most respondents had low knowledge levels (70%), which increased to 86.7% having high knowledge levels after the intervention. The majority of respondents stated that the educational beauty fan helped them understand the information more attractively and memorably. Conclusion: The use of the educational beauty fan is effective in improving patients’ knowledge about diabetes mellitus and can serve as an alternative educational medium in nursing services.

Kombinasi Pijat Oksitosin dan Lavender Oil pada Buteki dengan Masalah Menyusui Tidak Efektif

2026-05-15T09:16:07+00:00

Background: Breastfeeding problems, such as ineffective breastfeeding due to inadequate milk supply, significantly contribute to the failure of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to describe the nursing care application of combining oxytocin massage with lavender oil to overcome ineffective breastfeeding in postpartum mothers. . Methods: The research utilized a descriptive case study design with a nursing process approach involving two postpartum mothers as participants. Data were collected through observation using the LATCH assessment tool and interviews, while the intervention consisted of oxytocin massage using lavender oil as the massage medium for three consecutive days. Results: The results showed that both participants experienced an increase in breastfeeding status, characterized by breast milk beginning to flow smoothly, reduced maternal anxiety, and improved infant attachment. Both mothers were able to demonstrate the technique independently and reported feeling more relaxed after the intervention. Conclusion: The combination of oxytocin massage and lavender oil is effective in increasing milk production and overcoming ineffective breastfeeding problems in postpartum mothers.

Terapi Oksigen Pada Pasien PPOK Dengan Gangguan Pertukaran Gas Di Ruang Intesif Care Unit (ICU)

2026-05-15T12:03:56+00:00

characterized by progressive airflow limitation and impaired gas exchange caused by long-term exposure to harmful particles such as cigarette smoke. This study aimed to describe the implementation of oxygen therapy in patients with COPD and gas exchange disorders in the intensive care unit. Methods: This study used a descriptive case study design. Data were collected through interviews, physical examinations, and monitoring of oxygen saturation and arterial blood gas values. The subjects were two COPD patients who experienced dyspnea and were treated in the ICU. Oxygen therapy was administered using a non-rebreathing mask, combined with the Fowler position, for three consecutive days. Results: The study results showed different responses in the two patients. The first patient experienced an increase in oxygen saturation and improved blood gas analysis values (pH 7.39, pCO₂ 39.6 mmHg, pO₂ 98.5 mmHg), with SpO₂ approaching 98%. In contrast, the second patient showed a decline in oxygenation, characterized by a decrease in SpO₂ to 87% and unstable blood gas analysis values (pH 7.19, pCO₂ 55.9 mmHg, pO₂ 49.8 mmHg). Conclusion: Oxygen therapy combined with postural management can help improve gas exchange impairment in COPD patients; however, the therapeutic response may vary among patients depending on their clinical condition. Therefore, continuous monitoring of patients with gas exchange impairment is necessary, combining independent nursing interventions with collaborative care.

Deskripsi Personal Hygiene Saat Menstruasi Untuk Pencegahan Pruritus Vulva

2026-05-15T09:16:07+00:00

Background: Pruritus vulva is an itching complaint in the genital area often experienced by adolescent girls during menstruation due to inadequate personal hygiene. This condition occurs during menstruation due to moisture in the genital area. The problem in this study is how personal hygiene during menstruation affects the prevention of pruritus vulva in female students at SMPN 36 Pekanbaru. This study aims to determine the personal hygiene of adolescent girls in efforts to prevent pruritus vulva. Methods: The research method used is a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The total sample size was 154 female students selected using a total sampling technique. Data collection used a questionnaire and univariate analysis. Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents (87 respondents) had adequate personal hygiene, 64 (41.56%), and 3 (1.95%) were in the good category. Conclusion : These findings indicate that the majority of female students have implemented adequate personal hygiene as a preventative measure for vulvar pruritus. It is recommended that future researchers expand the study by adding additional topics, such as knowledge and attitudes, and using an analytical design to more deeply understand the relationship between risk factors.

Teknik Relaksasi Otot Progresif Pada Pasien Kanker Payudara Preoperasi

2026-05-15T09:16:07+00:00

Background: : Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer experienced by women worldwide. A diagnosis of breast cancer often has a major psychological impact, especially when the patient is going to undergo surgery. The pre-operative period is a vulnerable period, where many patients experience high anxiety or worry due to fear of medical procedures, surgical results, and physical changes and life afterward. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation techniques in reducing anxiety levels among breast cancer patients in the preoperative phase. Method : Descriptive case study with a maternity nursing care approach. The case study subjects were 2 people with the same problem, namely anxiety. The location of the case study was at the Muhammadiyah Hospital in Palembang which was carried out in May 2025. Data was taken using the nursing care assessment format and then the data was presented in tabular form. Results : There was a decrease in anxiety in each patient after progressive muscle relaxation was carried out for 10 minutes. Conclusion: Implementation of progressive muscle relaxation nursing is effective in overcoming anxiety in preoperative breast cancer patients.

Implementasi Terapi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Pada Klien Skizofrenia Dengan Masalah Halusinasi Pendengaran

2026-05-15T12:06:34+00:00

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that is frequently accompanied by auditory hallucinations, which may interfere with patients’ concentration, behavior, and social interaction. Effective nursing interventions are therefore needed to help patients manage these symptoms. One such intervention is progressive muscle relaxation therapy, a technique designed to reduce physical tension and psychological stress, thereby promoting calmness and improving patients’ ability to control hallucinations. Objective: This study aimed to describe the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation therapy in patients with schizophrenia experiencing auditory hallucinations. Methods: A descriptive case study design was employed involving four female patients who met the inclusion criteria of being cooperative, willing to participate, and physically healthy. Data were collected using assessment forms, observation checklists, standard operating procedures, leaflets, and informed consent forms. The intervention was administered for 5 days, with each session lasting 10–15 minutes, while patient progress was observed over 7 days. Data were obtained through interviews and observations and were presented in the form of nursing care documentation. Results: The findings showed a reduction in the signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations in all patients after the intervention. The percentage of signs and symptoms decreased from 100% to 12.5% in patient A, from 75% to 12.5% in patient M, from 100% to 25% in patient R, and from 75% to 25% in patient H. In addition, all patients reported feeling calmer and more able to control their hallucinations when the voices reappeared. Conclusion: In conclusion, progressive muscle relaxation therapy may help reduce the signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. This intervention may serve as a simple, safe, and practical psychiatric nursing strategy to support hallucination management.

Virtual Reality Sebagai Media Distraksi Dalam Menurunkan Nyeri Pada Anak Pasca Operasi Apendisitis

2026-05-15T12:01:36+00:00

Background: Globally, the incidence of appendicitis is approximately 100–150 per 100,000 population and remains one of the most common causes of abdominal surgery in children. The use of Virtual Reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological distraction technique in managing postoperative pain after appendectomy is still limited, particularly in nursing practice in Indonesia. Poorly managed pain can lead to physical disturbances, increased anxiety, behavioral changes, and delayed recovery. In addition to pharmacological therapy, pain can also be managed through non-pharmacological methods such as distraction techniques, including VR, which provides an immersive visual experience to divert children’s attention from pain. Objective: This study aims to describe the application of VR-based distraction media in reducing pain intensity in children after appendectomy. Methods: This study used a case study approach involving two pediatric patients who had undergone appendectomy. The nursing diagnosis established was acute pain. The intervention involved the use of entertainment-based VR for 10–15 minutes during the recovery period over three days (postoperative days 1 to 3). Pain intensity was measured before and after the intervention using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and behavioral responses were also observed. Results: The VR intervention showed a reduction in pain intensity from moderate (scale 6) to mild (scale 3) in both subjects. Additionally, there was an improvement in behavioral responses, indicated by reduced grimacing, decreased anxiety, increased cooperation, and relaxation during the recovery period. The nursing diagnosis of acute pain was considered resolved. Conclusion: The use of VR can be an alternative non-pharmacological intervention to help reduce pain and improve behavioral responses in children after appendectomy.

Analisis Kondisi Mental Dan Emosional Remaja Berdasarkan Kuesioner PHQ-9

2026-05-15T09:16:07+00:00

Background: Adolescent mental health represents a critical global public health issue, particularly in light of the increasing incidence of depressive disorders and the heightened risk of suicidal behavior among school-aged youth. The identification of emotional and psychological disturbances at an early stage plays a pivotal role in preventing the progression toward self-harm and suicide. This study aimed to describe the emotional and mental health conditions of adolescents in Pekanbaru City by utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a screening instrument. Methods: This research employed a quantitative descriptive approach. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, involving 116 senior high school students. Data collection was conducted using the PHQ-9 questionnaire to determine levels of depressive symptoms and identify potential suicide risk. Results: The results showed that 5% of participants did not exhibit depressive symptoms, while 21% experienced mild depression, 38% moderate depression, 21% moderately severe depression, and 15% severe depression. In addition, 41% of respondents reported experiencing thoughts related to self-harm or suicide. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that a considerable proportion of adolescents in Pekanbaru City suffer from varying degrees of depression, accompanied by a significant risk of suicidal ideation. This condition underscores the urgent need for increased involvement from educational institutions, healthcare professionals, and families. Efforts to strengthen early screening programs, improve mental health awareness, and expand school-based counseling services are essential to mitigate more severe mental health outcomes in the future.

Implementasi Foot Exercise Dalam Manajemen Ketidakstabilan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Lansia Dengan Diabetes Melitus: Sebuah Studi Kasus Deskriptif

2026-05-15T09:16:07+00:00

Introduction: The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise significantly among the older adults, leading to various complications if blood glucose levels remain uncontrolled. This study aims to describe the implementation of foot exercise in reducing blood glucose levels among older adults patients with T2DM. Method: A descriptive case study design was employed involving two older adults participants in the Megang Public Health Center work area from March to May 2025. Data were collected through interviews, physical examinations, and blood glucose monitoring using a calibrated glucometer, then analyzed qualitatively through nursing care narratives. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria such as being aged over 60 years and having physical mobility. Result: Results: The result showed that both subjects experienced a consistent decrease in random blood glucose (RBG) levels after each session, with daily reductions ranging from 15 mg/dl to 30 mg/dl. Although individual responses varied due to medication adherence and baseline conditions, both participants demonstrated an overall improvement in glycemic stability. Conclusion: The implementation of foot exercise is an effective non-pharmacological intervention to help lower and stabilize blood glucose levels in older adults patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Implementasi Keperawatan Pemberian Aromaterapi Lavender Pada Pasien Hipertensi Dengan Masalah Nyeri Kepala

2026-05-15T12:08:56+00:00

Background: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is one of the leading causes of sudden death worldwide, and its prevalence continues to increase every year. About 1.28 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension. South Sumatra in 2022, it was recorded that the number of hypertension patients in the province reached 6,234,389 people. Symptoms that are often felt by people with hypertension are headaches, especially in the neck and neck. This pain occurs due to damage to blood vessels caused by hypertension. Kepla Pain Can Be Overcome With Lavender Aromatherapy. Objective: To describe the implementation of nursing care in providing lavender aromatherapy to hypertensive patients with headache problems. Method: The design of this case study is descriptive in the form of a case study with a nursing care approach. The subject of the case study was 2 patients with hypertension. Patient 1 was 66 years old and patient 2 was 46 years old who had the same nursing problem Headache. This case study was conducted in the inpatient room of Ahmad Dahlan Hospital Muhammadiyah Palembang. Data collection techniques by way of observation, hearing and filling of case study instruments for 3 days in the treatment room. Results: After 3 days of implementation in both subjects with pain management: Lavender aromatherapy was found that there was an effective effect to reduce the pain scale from moderate to mild scale. Conclusion: With these results, it is expected and can apply and develop the implementation of Lavender Aromatherapy Pain Management nursing with headache problems in Hypertensive Patients.