HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH SEBELUM TINDAKAN EKSTRAKSI GIGI DI POLI GIGI RSUD KOTA SABANG
Abstract
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH SEBELUM TINDAKAN EKSTRAKSI GIGI DI POLI GIGI RSUD KOTA SABANG
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANXIETY LEVELS AND BLOOD PRESSURE BEFORE TOOTH EXTRACTION IN DENTAL POLYCLINIC OF RSUD KOTA SABANG
Destri Khairun Naziya1, Cut Ratna Keumala2
1,2 Jurusan Kesehatan Gigi, Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh
(email: destrikhairunnaziya@gmail.com )
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Pencabutan gigi merupakan salah satu tindakan dalam perawatan gigi yang dapat memicu kecemasan tinggi pada pasien. Berdasarkan data awal pada 15 pasien yang akan mencabut gigi, sebanyak 9 orang mengalami penundaan tindakan akibat kecemasan terhadap rasa sakit, baik saat penyuntikan maupun pencabutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan dengan tekanan darah sebelum tindakan ekstraksi gigi di Poli Gigi RSUD Kota Sabang.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien yang akan melakukan pencabutan gigi permanen di poli gigi RSUD Kota Sabang, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 52 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tanggal 28 April–16 Mei 2025. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square.
Hasi Penelitian: Dari 52 responden, didapatkan 8 (15,4%) pasien kategori tidak cemas, seluruhnya memiliki tekanan darah normal (100%). Kategori Cemas ringan 9 (17,3%) orang, 7 (77,8%) memiliki tekanan darah normal, dan 2 (22,2%) memiliki tekanan darah rendah. Kategori terbanyak adalah cemas sedang 23 (44,2%) orang, di mana 16 (69,6%) memiliki tekanan darah tinggi dan 7 (30,4%) memiliki tekanan darah normal. Kategori kecemasan panik 1 (100%) orang dengan tekanan darah tinggi.
Kesimpulan: Hasil uji chi-square diperoleh nilai p=0,001 (p<0,05) menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecemasan dan tekanan darah sebelum tindakan eskstraksi gigi. Saran agar tenaga kesehatan gigi meningkatkan komunikasi yang efektif untuk membantu pasien merasa lebih tenang sebelum menjalani tindakan.
Kata Kunci : Kecemasan, Ekstraksi Gigi, Tekanan Darah.
Background: Tooth extraction is a dental procedure that can trigger high levels of anxiety in patients. Based on preliminary data from 15 patients undergoing tooth extraction, nine patients postponed the procedure due to anxiety about pain, both during injections and during the extraction itself. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and blood pressure before tooth extraction at the Dental Clinic of Sabang City Hospital.
Methods: This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The population was all patients undergoing permanent tooth extraction at the Dental Clinic of Sabang City Hospital. A sample of 52 patients was selected using accidental sampling. Data collection was conducted from April 28–May 16, 2025. Data analysis used the chi-square test.
Results: Of the 52 respondents, 8 (15.4%) were categorized as not anxious, and all had normal blood pressure (100%). 9 (17.3%) individuals were categorized as mild anxiety 7 (77.8%) had normal blood pressure, and 2 (22.2%) had low blood pressure. The most common category was moderate anxiety, with 23 (44.2%) individuals experiencing anxiety, consisting of 16 (69.6%) patients with high blood pressure and seven (30.4%) patients with normal blood pressure. 1 (100%) patient experienced panic/phobia anxiety with high blood pressure.
Conclusion: The chi-square test showed a p-value of 0.001 (p<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between anxiety levels and blood pressure before tooth extraction. Dental health professionals are advised to improve effective communication to help patients feel more comfortable before the procedure.
Keywords: Anxiety, Tooth Extraction, Blood Pressure.
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