Pengaruh Asupan Zat Giz Makro dan Formula Antioksidan Terhadap PErubahan Berat Badan Pada Penderita kanker Rawat Jalan Di RSMH Palembang Tahun 2012
Abstract
Penyakit kanker dan metode pengobatan pada penderita kanker seperti kemoterapi, radiasi memberikan dampak menurunnya daya kecap penderita, dan menyebabkan penurunan tingkat asupan gizi penderita, dan akhirnya akan berpengaruh pada memburuknya status gizi penderita. Status gizi yang buruk akan memperpanjang masa penyembuhan, bahkan dapat menyebabkan sulitnya proses penyembuhan, karena status gizi yang buruk menyebabkan lemahnya sistem imun di dalam tubuh. Antioksidan adalah suatu substansi yang berfungsi melindungi tubuh dari radikal bebas, mengobati dan menghambat pertumbuhan kanker. Penambahan formula antioksidan ke dalam asupan penderita kanker dua kali sehari dengan kandungan energi sebesar 250 kkal per porsi, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro penderita kanker. Menurut Almatsier, penambahan zat gizi energi sebesar 500 kkal/hari ke dalam asupan makan dapat menaikkan berat badan sebesar 0,5 kg/minggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian formula antioksidan terhadap perubahan berat badan penderita kanker paska kemoterapi. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen atau pre dan post tes dengan dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok pembanding. Populasi adalah semua penderita kanker paska kemoterapi, dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara pusposiv atau dengan kriteria. Data univariat dianalisis secara diskriftif, analisis data bivariat untuk melihat pengaruh asupan zat gizi makro dan formula antioksidan terhadap perubahan berat-badan penderita kander dengan menggunakan uji T paired dan uji T independent untuk mengetahui perbedaan asupan kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkkan, ada pengaruh yang bermakna asupan zat gizi makro dan formula antioksidan terhadap perubahan berat badan pada kelompok perlakuan (p<0,05), ada perbedaan bermakna asupan zat gizi makro dan formula antioksidan antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok pembanding (p<0,05)
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