Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Dimensia Pada Usia Lanjut Di Posyandu Usia Lanjut Puskesmas Kertapati Palembang Tahun 2012
Abstract
Gangguan mental yang banyak terjadi pada usia lanjut adalah penurunan fungsi kognitif. Standar baku diagnosis dimensia yang dikenal yaitu Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE Test) yang menilai 5 aspek kognitif berisi tindakan yang harus dilakukan oleh usila untuk mengukur kemampuan kognitifnya.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dalam bidang Keperawatan gerontik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai angka kejadian dimensia pada usia lanjut dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Posyandu Usia Lanjut Puskesmas kertapati Palembang Tahun 2012. Diagnosis Dimensia ditetapkan dengan menggunakan standar baku Mini Mental State Examination Test (MMSE Test). Test ini merupakan penilaian dari 5 aspek kognitif yang memiliki total skor sejumlah 30. Test ini berisi serangkaian test yang menuntut usia lanjut melakukan beberapa tindakan dengan tujuan untuk menilai kemampuan kognitifnya. Faktor risiko yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap dimensia yaitu umur, pendidikan, pasangan hidup, aktivitas sosial dan aktivitas mengasah otak. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariabel dan bivariabel. Pelaksanaan penelitian pada bulan Oktober 2012 di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa angka kejadian dimensia pada pada usia lanjut di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang adalah sebesar 30%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur (Pvalue = 0,000), keberadaan pasangan hidup (Pvalue=0,008) dan aktivitas sosial (Pvalue=0,020) terhadap kejadian dimensia pada usia lanjut di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang adalah sebesar 30% (CI= 95%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan dan aktivitas mengasah otak dengan kejadian dimensia pada usia lanjut di Posyandu Usila Kertapati Palembang adalah sebesar 30% (CI= 95%).
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