Analisis Persepsi Manfaat Berdasarkan Teori Health Belief Model dengan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini dalam Pencegahan Stunting
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan salah satu bentuk kegagalan tumbuh kembang yang disebabkan penumpukan kekurangan gizi yang dimulai sejak dalam kandungan hingga usia dua tahun. Pada tahun 2022, prevalensi stunting di Indonesia sebesar 21,6%, dengan Kabupaten Musi Rawas melaporkan angka sebesar 25,4%. Percepatan penurunan stunting dapat dilakukan dengan intervensi diet khusus dengan mendorong bayi untuk menerima Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD). Perilaku kesehatan dalam melaksanakan tindakan tersebut dapat dilaksanakan dengan meningkatkan persepsi ibu terhadap manfaat yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis manfaat yang dirasakan dari pemberian Inisiasi Menyusu Dini dalam pencegahan stunting di Kecamatan Tuah Negeri Kabupaten Musi Rawas.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan uji hipotesis perbedaan dua proporsi dan diperoleh 154 responden. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda.
Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu (p=0,030) dan sikap (p=0,017) dengan tindakan IMD. Namun, umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan ibu, pendapatan keluarga, dan jumlah anggota keluarga tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tindakan IMD. Analisis multivarian menunjukkan sikap kurang baik sebesar 4,9 kali untuk tidak melakukan tindakan IMD dan dikontrol oleh variabel pengganggu pengetahuan dan pendapatan keluarga..
Kesimpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan persepsi ibu tentang manfaat melalui pendidikan pemerintah dan peningkatan pendapatan keluarga dapat memengaruhi persepsi mereka secara positif.
Kata kunci: Inisiasi, menyusui, persepsi, manfaat, stunting
ABSTRACT
Background: Stunting is a form of growth and development failure caused by the accumulation of malnutrition that begins in the womb until the age of two years. In 2022, the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was 21.6%, with Musi Rawas Regency reporting a figure of 25.4%. Acceleration of stunting reduction can be done with special dietary interventions by encouraging babies to receive early initiation breastfeeding (IMD). Health behavior in carrying out these actions can be implemented by increasing mothers' perceptions of the benefits obtained. This study aims to analyze the perceived benefits of providing Early Breastfeeding Initiation in the prevention of stunting in Tuah Negeri District, Musi Rawas Regency
Methods: This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. Samples were taken using purposive sampling with hypothesis testing of differences in two proportions and 154 respondents were obtained. Data analysis using chi-square and multiple logistic regression.
Results: There was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge (p=0.030) and attitude (p=0.017) with IMD actions. However, age, education, maternal occupation, family income, and number of family members did not have a significant relationship with IMD actions. Multivariant analysis showed unfavorable attitude was 4.9 times to not give IMD action and controlled by confounding variables of knowledge and family income
Conclusion: The study suggests that improving mothers' perceptions of benefits through government education and increased family income can positively influence their perceptions.
Keywords: Initiation, breastfeeding, perception, benefits, stunting
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