Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Orang Tua dalam Keputusan Imunisasi HPV Anak
Telaah Sistematis dan Meta Analisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36086/jpp.v20i2.3670Keywords:
HPV vaccination, Parental knowledge, Parental perception, Determinants, Acceptance.Abstract
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan global dengan tingginya angka kejadian dan kematian, terutama di negara berpendapatan rendah dan menengah, sehingga imunisasi HPV menjadi langkah pencegahan yang sangat penting. Namun, cakupan imunisasi HPV di beberapa wilayah seperti Sumatera Barat masih rendah, yang dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua, sehingga perlu dianalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan pemberian imunisasi tersebut Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keterkaitan antara tingkat pengetahuan serta persepsi orang tua dengan keputusan mereka dalam memberikan imunisasi HPV kepada anak perempuan usia sekolah dasar.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan sistematis berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA yang menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua terhadap imunisasi HPV. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada database PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Sage untuk artikel tahun 2020–2025.
Hasil: Faktor pengetahuan dan persepsi orang tua merupakan faktor utama dalam keputusan pemberian imunisasi HPV. Meta-analisis membuktikan bahwa orang tua dengan pengetahuan yang baik memiliki peluang lebih besar untuk memberikan vaksin HPV (OR = 6,09).
Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan orang tua merupakan faktor paling konsisten yang memengaruhi penerimaan vaksin HPV, sementara persepsi berperan dalam membentuk keputusan melalui peningkatan akses informasi dan penguatan layanan.
Kata Kunci: HPV vaccination, Parental knowledge, Parental perception, Determinants, Acceptance.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cervical cancer remains a major global health concern, highlighting the importance of HPV immunization. However, coverage in regions like West Sumatra is still low, partly due to parental knowledge and perceptions. Therefore, analyzing these influencing factors is essential. This study aims to analyze the relationship between parental knowledge and perceptions with the decision to provide HPV immunization to elementary school-aged girls.
Methods: This study is a systematic review based on the PRISMA guidelines that analyzes the relationship between parental knowledge and perceptions regarding HPV immunization. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Sage databases for articles published between 2020 and 2025.
Results: Parental knowledge and perceptions are key factors in the decision to administer HPV immunization. Sociodemographic and policy factors play a supporting role through increased access to information, environmental support, and ease of service delivery. A meta-analysis demonstrated that parents with good knowledge are more likely to receive HPV vaccination (OR = 6.09).
Conclusion: Parental knowledge is the most consistent factor influencing HPV vaccine acceptance, while perceptions is contribute to decision-making through increased access to information and strengthened service delivery.
Keywords: HPV vaccination, Parental knowledge, Parental perception, Determinants, Acceptance.
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