GAMBARAN SITOLOGI SERVIKS PADA PEREMPUAN HIV DI PUSKESMAS JAKARTA
Abstract
Latar belakang: Skrining sitologi serviks belum menjadi hal yang rutin dilakukan di layanan rawat jalan HIV yang ada di fasilitas kesehatan primer di DKI Jakarta, padahal kondisi immunosupresi pada infeksi HIV diketahui dapat menyebabkan infeksi HPV yang persisten sehingga meningkatkan risiko mengalami lesi pra kanker dan kanker serviks pada wanita dengan HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran sitologi serviks pada perempuan HIV yang mengakses layanan kesehatan di Puskesmas Kalideres Jakarta Barat.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan total sampling, menggunakan data sekunder berupa hasil papsmear pada 30 perempuan dengan HIV yang mengakses layanan di Puskesmas Kalideres yang mengikuti skrining kanker serviks pada bulan November 2017. Data karakteristik dan faktor risiko didapatkan dari rekam medis pasien dan catatan anamnesa saat menjalani skrining.
Hasil: Temuan papsmear abnormal adalah 16,7% dengan 80% berupa peradangan dan 20% berupa lesi pra kanker serviks kategori ASCUS. Pada responden dengan keradangan faktor risiko yang terlihat adalah multipara (100%), CD4 <500 sel/mm3 (100%), dan jumlah pasangan seksual lebih dari satu (50%). Pada responden dengan hasil lesi pra kanker serviks memiliki faktor risiko hubungan seks di usia < 16 tahun, multiparitas, jumlah pasangan seksual lebih dari 1, dan jumlah CD4 < 500 sel/mm
Kesimpulan: Prevalensi abnormalitas hapusan sitology serviks pada perempuan yang mengakses layanan di Puskesmas Kalideres cukup tinggi yaitu sebanyak 16,7% dengan prevalensi untuk lesi pra kanker serviks berupa ASCUS sebesar 3,3%. Proporsi dari faktor risiko pada kasus adalah multiparitas (100%), jumlah pasangan seksual lebih dari satu (60%) dan kadar CD4 dibawah 500 sel/mm3 (100%).
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