INDEKS GLIKEMIK PANGAN DAN PENILAIAN STATUS GIZI PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
Abstract
Latar Belakang: International Diabetes Federation (IDF) menyatakan bahwa lebih dari 382 juta orang di dunia penderita Diabetes mellitus. Indonesia merupakan negara yang menempati urutan ketujuh di dunia dengan jumlah penderita diabetes sebanyak 10 juta jiwa. Perencanaan makan yang tidak baik menyebabkan tidak adanya keseimbangan asupan zat gizi pada penderita Diabetes mellitus. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui asupan indeks glikemik pangan, status gizi dan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Sosial Kota Palembang.
Metode: Jenis penelitian bersifat observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling sebanyak 80 orang. Data asupan makanan responden diperoleh dengan wawancara dengan metode food record 3 x 24 jam. Lingkar pinggang diukur menggunakan pita pengukur dengan ketelitian 0,1 cm. Komposisi lemak tubuh diukur dengan menggunakan Body Index Analyzer (BIA). Pengukuran kadar glukosa darah dengan menggunakan glucometer.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 60,0% kadar glukosa darah pasien adalah hiperglikemia. Kadar glukosa darah berhubungan asupan indeks glikemik pangan (p value = 0,018), lingkar pinggang (p value = 0.000) dan komposisi lemak tubuh ( p value = 0,021)
Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan indeks glikemik pangan, lingkar pinggang dan komposisi lemak tubuh dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus di Puskesmas Sosial Palembang.
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